LA Times Crossword 8 Feb 26, Sunday

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Constructed by: Gary Larson & Amy Ensz

Edited by: Patti Varol

Today’s Theme: Doing Business

Themed answers are common phrases reinterpreted as JOBS FOR someone cited in the corresponding clues:

• 23A Job for an elephant caretaker? : BATHING TRUNKS
• 33A Job for a department store model? : SPORTING GOODS
• 51A Job for a tailor? : EVENING DRESSES
• 65A Job for a nanny? : HANDLING CHARGES
• 85A Job for a cheesemonger? : PITCHING WEDGES
• 100A Job for an interior designer? : CHANGING ROOMS
• 117A Job for a corporate VIP? : RUNNING BOARDS

Read on, or jump to …
… a complete list of answers

Bill’s time: 15m 25s

Bill’s errors: 0

Today’s Wiki-est Amazonian Googlies

Across

13A Emma of “Madame Web” : ROBERTS

Actress Emma Roberts is perhaps best known to TV audiences for multiple roles she has played in the show “American Horror Story”. She is the daughter of actor Eric Roberts, brother of actress Julia Roberts.

The 2024 film “Madame Web” stars Dakota Johnson as the title character, a Manhattan paramedic who discovers she has clairvoyant abilities after a near-death experience. The movie is the fourth installment in the Spider-Man Universe.

21A Excalibur, notably : CASINO

The Excalibur Hotel and Casino on the Las Vegas strip is a Medieval-themed resort. The exterior of the building is reminiscent of a castle, and there’s a famous dinner show featuring knights and horses called “Tournament of Kings”.

23A Job for an elephant caretaker? : BATHING TRUNKS

Swimming trunks are shorts used, usually by males, when swimming. The term “trunks” is used because centuries ago, people routinely wore underwear that covered the entire “trunk” of the body. Swimming usually involved stripping down to those “trunks”. We’re less modest when swimming nowadays, but the term “trunks” has persisted.

25A Hot pepper : CAYENNE

The cayenne is a hot chili pepper that is often used in a powdered form, when it might be referred to as “red pepper”. The pepper is named for the city of Cayenne in French Guiana, an overseas department of France located on the northeast coast of South America.

28A Sugar source : CANE

When sugarcane is processed to extract sugar, it is crushed and mashed to produce a juice. The juice is boiled to make a sugary concentrate called cane syrup, from which sugar crystals are extracted. A second boiling of the leftover syrup produces second molasses, from which more sugar crystals can be extracted. A third boiling results in what is called blackstrap molasses.

29A Mountain __ : DEW

Mountain Dew was originally created as a mixer for alcoholic beverages, and was marketed as “zero-proof moonshine.” The original formula included caffeine and sugar, which helped to make it a popular mixer for whiskey and other spirits.

30A Dangerous biters : ASPS

We use the term “asp” today to refer to several venomous species of snakes found in the Nile region. Even though “asp” comes from the Greek “aspis” meaning “viper”, the asp that we know as the symbol of ancient Egyptian royalty was not a viper at all. Rather, it was the Egyptian cobra.

41A Carrot, e.g. : ROOT

The large, central and dominant root grown by many plants is known as the taproot. In plants like the carrot and parsnip, the taproot is used by the plant as a storage organ. And, we humans (and rabbits!) like to eat that storage organ.

44A Coastline feature : RIA

A drowned valley might be called a ria or a fjord, and both are formed as sea levels rise. A ria is a drowned valley created by river erosion, and a fjord is a drowned valley created by glaciation.

45A “__ Fideles” : ADESTE

The lovely Christmas hymn “Adeste Fideles” (entitled “O Come, All Ye Faithful” in English) was written by one John Francis Wade in the 13th century. Well, he wrote the original four verses, with four more verses being added over time. A kind blog reader pointed out to me that the English translation is in fact a little “off”. The term “adeste” best translates from Latin as “be present, attend”, rather than “come”. The verb “come” appears later in the lyrics in “venite adoremus”, meaning “come, let us worship”.

47A Kibble maker : ALPO

“To kibble” is to crush or grind coarsely. This verb evolved into the noun “kibble” meaning meat and/or grain that is ground into small pellets, especially when it is used for pet food.

54A Onetime Nissan make : DATSUN

Japanese automaker Nissan introduced the Datsun brand in 1931, and then retired it in 1986. The Datsun brand was reintroduced in 2013, applied to low-cost models sold in emerging markets. But it was retired yet again, in 2022, as sales did not meet expectations.

56A Galoot : BIG APE

“Galoot” is an insulting word describing an awkward or boorish man, an ape. The term comes from the nautical world, where it was originally what a sailor might call a soldier or marine.

57A Cartesian conclusion : I AM

The great French philosopher Rene Descartes made the famous statement in Latin, “Cogito ergo sum”. This translates into French as “Je pense, donc je suis” and into English as “I think, therefore I am”. Anything pertaining to the philosophy of Descartes can be described by the adjective “Cartesian”.

58A Needle holder : TONEARM

On a record player turntable, the tonearm is the free-swinging bracket that holds the phonograph pickup. The pickup is the magnetic cartridge that converts vibrations of the needle as it travels in the groove of the record, into an electrical signal that can be amplified and converted into sound.

59A “C’est la vie” : ALAS

“C’est la vie” is French for “that’s life”.

60A Saint __ fire : ELMO’S

Saint Elmo is the patron saint of sailors. More formally referred to as Erasmus of Formia, St. Elmo is perhaps venerated by sailors as tradition tells us that he continued preaching despite the ground beside him being struck by a thunderbolt. Sailors started to pray to him when in danger of storms and lightning. He lends his name to the electrostatic weather phenomenon (often seen at sea) known as St. Elmo’s fire. The “fire” is actually a plasma discharge caused by air ionizing at the end of a pointed object (like the mast of a ship), something often observed during electrical storms.

62A Brook fish : TROUT

Trout are freshwater fish that are closely related to char and salmon. Most trout live exclusively in freshwater lakes and rivers, but a few species live at sea and return to freshwater to spawn.

73A Roos in pouches : JOEYS

In Australia, male kangaroos are known by several names including bucks, boomers, jacks or old men. Females are called does, flyers, or jills. There seems to be just one name for young kangaroos, i.e. joeys. A group of kangaroos might be called a mob, troop or court.

74A 1990s cardio workout system : TAE BO

Tae Bo isn’t an ancient martial art, even though it perhaps sounds like one. The discipline was developed as a form of aerobic exercise in the 1990s by taekwondo expert Billy Blanks who gave it the name Tae Bo, a melding of “taekwondo” and “boxing”.

75A Third-longest river in Europe : URAL

The Ural River rises in the Ural Mountains in Russia and flows for half its length through Russian territory until it crosses the border into Kazakhstan, finally emptying into the Caspian Sea. It is the third-longest river in Europe, after the Volga and Danube. The Ural is often cited as defining a long stretch of the border between Europe and Asia, although the exact position of that border is open to debate.

79A Summers on “Gilligan’s Island” : MARY ANN

Mary Ann Summers is the “wholesome” young lady on the sitcom “Gilligan’s Island”, played by actress Dawn Wells. Sadly, Wells passed away at the end of 2020 after contracting COVID-19.

81A Las Vegas drama : CSI

The “CSI” franchise of TV shows has been tremendously successful, and seems to really have legs. “CSI: Miami” (the “worst” of the franchise, I think) was canceled in 2012 after ten seasons. “CSI: NY” (the “best” of the franchise) was canceled in 2013 after nine seasons. The original “CSI: Crime Scene Investigation” was set in Las Vegas, and hung in there until 2015 when it ended with a two-hour TV movie. Then there was “CSI: Cyber”. It lasted for two seasons, before being canceled in 2016. “CSI: Vegas”, a sequel to the original “CSI: Crime Scene Investigation”, launched in 2021, and lasted for three seasons.

82A Brand for competitive divers : SPEEDO

Speedo brand swimwear was first produced in Australia, in 1928 by a hosiery company that wanted to diversify. The brand name was chosen after a slogan competition among employees was won by “Speed on in your Speedos”. It was a long time ago, I guess …

85A Job for a cheesemonger? : PITCHING WEDGES

The suffix “-monger” indicates a dealer or trader. For example, A fishmonger sells fish, an ironmonger sells hardware, a warmonger proposes military conflict, and an ideamonger deals in ideas …

92A Bounce house filler : AIR

The first inflatable structure was invented in 1959 by a mechanical engineer named John Scurlock, who was developing inflatable covers for tennis courts. He noticed his employees loved to jump on them and so he came up with the “Space Walk”, a large bag for kids to jump on. Today, we refer to them as bouncy castles, bounce houses, or perhaps moonwalks.

93A Ginger __ : ALE

The brand most closely associated with ginger ale is Canada Dry. “Canada Dry Pale Ginger Ale” was first formulated in 1904 by a Canadian chemist called John McLoughlin from Ontario. Prohibition in the United States helped sales of the drink as it was particularly effective in masking the taste of illegally-produced, homemade liquor.

94A Uni ref. work : OED

Oxford English Dictionary (OED)

106A Whirlybird : HELO

Our term “helicopter” was absorbed from the French word “hélicoptère” that was coined by Gustave Ponton d’Amécourt in 1861. d’Amécourt envisioned aircraft that could fly vertically using rotating wings that “screwed” into the air. He combined the Greek terms “helix” meaning “spiral, whirl” and “pteron” meaning “wing” to give us “helicopter”.

108A __ Goose vodka : GREY

Grey Goose is a vodka that is produced in France. It was developed specifically for the American market using resources and expertise available in the French Cognac region.

109A Cedar Point state : OHIO

Cedar Point is an amusement park in Sandusky, Ohio and is the second-oldest such park in the country that is still operating (the oldest is Lake Compounce in Bristol, Connecticut, which opened in 1846). Cedar Point is located on a peninsula that juts into Lake Erie, and specializes in roller coasters.

111A Wall alternative : MOAT

A moat is a protective trench that surrounds a castle, say, or an exhibit in a zoo. A moat may or may not be filled with water.

117A Job for a corporate VIP? : RUNNING BOARDS

A running board is a narrow step on the side of a vehicle that is used by passengers as they climb into the passenger compartment. They are mostly found on trucks and SUVs these days, as most automobiles are designed with lower ground clearances.

127A Subatomic particles : BOSONS

Particle physics is beyond me, but I do know that bosons are subatomic particles. They can be elementary like photons or composite like mesons, which are composed of one quark and one antiquark. “Bosons” are named for the Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose who developed Bose-Einstein statistics along with Albert Einstein.

Down

3D Pop singer Ora : RITA

Rita Ora is a British singer who was born Rita Sahatçiu in Pristina, Yugoslavia to Albanian parents. The family name “Sahatçiu” comes from a Turkish word meaning “watchmaker”. Rita’s parents changed their name to make it easier to pronounce. So, the family name morphed from “watchmaker” to “time”, which is “ora” in Albanian.

4D Heavily panned 1987 Beatty/Hoffman comedy : ISHTAR

“Ishtar” is a 1987 film that really bombed at the box office. It stars Warren Beatty and Dustin Hoffman, as lounge singers working in Morocco! There’s a Cold War plot and, thank goodness, it’s a comedy. Apparently, the film is so bad that it never even made it to DVD.

5D Rock & Roll Hall of Fame architect : IM PEI

The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame can be visited on the shores of Lake Erie in Cleveland, Ohio. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation was created in 1983 and started inducting artists in 1986. The Foundation didn’t get a home until the museum was dedicated in Cleveland in 1995. I had the great privilege of visiting the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame some years ago and really enjoyed myself. The magnificent building was designed by famed architect I. M. Pei.

7D Sketch show that once starred John Candy, for short : SCTV

“Second City Television” (SCTV) is a sketch show that was produced in Canada from 1976 to 1984. SCTV was very successful with audiences all over North America, and in effect launched the careers of several comedy greats. The list of SCTV alumni includes John Candy, Eugene Levy, Rick Moranis, Catherine O’Hara, Harold Ramis and Martin Short.

John Candy was a Canadian comedian and actor. He was an alum of Canada’s famed comedy troupe called the Second City (later “SCTV”). In the world of movies I have to say my favorite of Candy’s performances were in supporting roles, as in “Stripes” and “Home Alone”. Sadly, Candy died of a heart attack in 1994, when he was only 43 years old.

8D Animals that can run up to 50 mph : HARES

Hares belong to the genus Lepus. Young hares under one-year-old are called leverets.

9D Appropriate, as power : USURP

To usurp is to seize and hold by force. The term “usurp” comes to us from Latin via French, from “usus” (a use) and “rapere” (to seize).

10D Pewter metal : TIN

Pewter is a relatively soft alloy that is made up mostly of tin, with some copper, antimony, bismuth and lead.

13D Puerto __ : RICAN

Puerto Rico (PR) is located in the northeastern Caribbean (in the Atlantic Ocean), east of the Dominican Republic. The name “Puerto Rico” is Spanish for “rich port”. The locals often call their island Borinquen, the Spanish form of “Boriken”, the original name used by the natives.

14D Anaheim’s county : ORANGE

Orange County (OC) in the Greater Los Angeles Area is the smallest county in Southern California by area, and yet it is the sixth most populous county in the US. The county seat is Santa Ana.

The California city of Anaheim is famous as home to the Disneyland resort. Prior to Disneyland opening in 1955, Anaheim was largely an agricultural community. It had been founded in 1857 by a group of German-Americans who were looking for an area suitable for growing grapes. The name “Anaheim” comes from “Ana”, referring to the nearby Santa Ana River, and from “Heim”, a German word meaning “home”.

15D “Star Wars: The Force Awakens” actor John : BOYEGA

English actor John Boyega rose to international fame when he portrayed the stormtrooper-turned-rebel Finn in the 2015 film “Star Wars: The Force Awakens“. He reprised the role in two subsequent “Star Wars” movies. Outside of acting, Boyega has become a prominent activist, and made the headlines for a powerful speech that he delivered at a 2020 Black Lives Matter protest in London.

17D Repetitive musical composition : RONDO

A rondo was often chosen by composers in the classical period for the last movement of a sonata (or symphony or concerto, for that matter). In rondo form there is a principal theme that alternates with a contrasting theme(s). So, the original theme anchors the whole piece in between secondary digressions.

32D “Common Sense” pamphleteer : PAINE

Thomas Paine was an English author who achieved incredible success with his pamphlet “Common Sense” published in 1776 which advocated independence of colonial America from Britain. Paine had immigrated to the American colonies just two years before his pamphlet was published, and so was just in time to make a major contribution to the American Revolution.

34D Assayers’ stuff : ORES

An assayer carries out a metallurgical assay to determine the composition of ore found in a mine.

35D “The Joy of Painting” host Bob : ROSS

Bob Ross was an artist and art instructor. Ross created and appeared in the long-running PBS show “The Joy of Painting”, a show which provided instructions for budding artists. He was known for some colorful phrases that he tended to repeat on screen, one of the most famous being “let’s add some happy little trees”.

38D Kingdom in what is now Yemen : SHEBA

Sheba is referenced in the Bible several times. The Queen of Sheba is mentioned as someone who traveled to Jerusalem to behold the fame of King Solomon. No one knows for sure where the kingdom of Sheba was located, although there is evidence that it was actually the ancient Semitic civilization of Saba. The Sabeans lived in what today is Yemen, on the Arabian Peninsula.

39D “On the Beach” author Shute : NEVIL

“On the Beach” is a wonderful novel by Nevil Shute that was first published in 1957. The famous story is about the ending of the human race as nuclear fallout spreads south from the northern hemisphere after WWIII. The novel was adapted into a great 1959 movie starring Gregory Peck, Ava Gardner and even Fred Astaire.

40D Alpha’s opposite : OMEGA

Omega is the last letter of the Greek alphabet and is the one that looks like a horseshoe (Ω) when in uppercase. The lowercase omega looks like a Latin W. The word “omega” literally means “great O” (O-mega). Compare this with the Greek letter Omicron, meaning “little O” (O-micron).

45D Friend of d’Artagnan : ARAMIS

Alexandre Dumas’ “Three Musketeers” are Athos, Porthos and Aramis, although the hero of the novel is the trio’s young protégé D’Artagnan. A musketeer was an infantry soldier who was equipped with a musket. Funnily enough, the three “musketeers” really don’t use their muskets, and are better known for prowess with their swords.

48D Exam with an Argumentative Writing section : LSAT

Law School Admission Test (LSAT)

52D Poet Ogden : NASH

Ogden Nash was a poet well known for his light and humorous verse, such as:

Candy
Is dandy
But liquor
Is quicker

53D Humdinger : DILLY

A humdinger or pip is someone or something outstanding. “Humdinger” is American slang dating back to the early 1900s, and was originally used to describe a particularly attractive woman.

54D Pederson who coached the Eagles to their first Super Bowl win : DOUG

Doug Pederson is an NFL coach and former quarterback. He spent most of his 14-year NFL playing career as a backup quarterback for legends like Dan Marino and Brett Favre. After he retired as a player, Pederson went into coaching, eventually leading the Philadelphia Eagles to their first-ever Super Bowl title, in 2018.

55D Penny-__ : ANTE-

Penny ante poker is a game in which bets are limited to a penny, or some other small, friendly sum. The expression “penny-ante” has come to describe any business transaction that is on a small scale.

58D Tuna tartare cut : TORO

In a sushi restaurant, the dish called “toro” is the fatty tissue from the belly of the bluefin tuna.

60D Locale in a Steinbeck title : EDEN

John Steinbeck considered his 1952 novel “East of Eden” to be his magnum opus. Most of the storyline takes place near Salinas, just south of the San Francisco Bay Area. Two of the characters in the story are brothers Cal and Aron Trask, representative of the biblical Cain and Abel.

61D Certain NCO : SGT

A non-commissioned officer (NCO) might be a sergeant (sgt.) or a corporal (cpl.).

63D 1990s Israeli prime minister : RABIN

Yitzhak Rabin was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel, and the first Prime Minister to have been born in the relatively young state of Israel. Rabin was a signatory of the Oslo Accords in 1993, along with PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat, and US President Bill Clinton. Sadly, this led to his death as he was assassinated two years later by a right-wing radical who opposed the Accords.

70D Part of a Latin 101 conjugation : AMAT

“Amo, amas, amat” translates from Latin as “I love, you love, he/she/it loves”.

71D __ Top Creamery : HALO

Halo Top Creamery is a brand of ice cream that contains a low quantity of refined sugars. The sugars are replaced with stevia and erythritol, a plant-based sweetener and a sugar alcohol.

72D “The Good Dinosaur” dinosaur : ARLO

“The Good Dinosaur” is a Pixar movie that premiered in Paris on November 14th, 2015 under the title “Le Voyage d’Arlo”.

76D Lear daughter : REGAN

In William Shakespeare’s “King Lear”, Regan is the king’s second daughter. She vies with her older sister for influence over her father, and for the attention of Edmund, illegitimate son of the Earl of Gloucester.

77D “Easy on Me” singer : ADELE

“Easy on Me” is a 2021 song co-written and recorded by Adele. In the song, Adele is directly addressing her 9-year-old son, asking him to be “easy on” her following her divorce from his father.

80D Klondike Gold Rush site : YUKON

Canada’s federal territory known as Yukon takes its name from the Yukon River. “Yukon” means “Big Stream” in the local Gwich’in language.

The Klondike is a region in Canada’s Yukon territory that is perhaps most famous for the Klondike Gold Rush in the late 1890s. About 100,000 prospectors migrated to the area, with many coming from Seattle and San Francisco. While a few prospectors did make their fortunes, the vast majority of prospectors endured the long trek and harsh conditions in vain.

85D “Mad Men” role for Elisabeth Moss : PEGGY

In the excellent TV drama “Mad Men”, my favorite character has to be Peggy Olson. She began the series as a timid secretary but eventually shattered the “glass ceiling” of the 1960s advertising world to become a formidable copy chief. Olson was portrayed by Elizabeth Moss, who had captured the attention of TV audiences playing President Bartlet’s daughter Zoey on the hit show “The West Wing”.

87D “Comin’ __ the Rye” : THRO’

“Comin’ Thro’ the Rye” is a 1782 poem by Scottish poet Robert Burns. The words are used in a traditional children’s song, which uses a variant of the tune for “Auld Lang Syne”. Here’s the chorus:

Comin thro’ the rye, poor body,
Comin thro’ the rye,
She draigl’t a’ her petticoatie,
Comin thro’ the rye!

88D Singer Perry : COMO

Perry Como was my mother’s favorite singer. Como was born about 20 miles from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Famously, his first career was barbering. He learned the trade from a local hairdresser and soon had his own shop in a Greek coffee house, at the age of 14!

99D Wanderers : NOMADS

A nomad is someone who roams about. The term “nomad” comes from the Latin “nomas” meaning “wandering shepherd”. In turn, “nomas” comes from the Greek “nomas” meaning “roaming (especially when looking for pasture)”.

100D Brutus co-conspirator : CASCA

Julius Caesar was assassinated on the 15th (the ides) of March, 44 BC. He was attacked by a group of sixty people in the Roman Senate, and was stabbed 23 times. The first to strike a blow was Servilius Casca, who attacked Caesar from behind and stabbed him in the neck. In Shakespeare’s “Julius Caesar”, Casca utters the words “Speak, hands, for me!” just before making the fatal blow. The following line, uttered by Caesar, is more famous though: “Et tu, Brute?”

The most famous man with the name “Brutus” in ancient Rome was Marcus Junius Brutus the Younger. It was this Brutus that Julius Caesar turned to when he was assassinated on the steps of the Senate. William Shakespeare immortalized Brutus by featuring him in his play, “Julius Caesar”, and giving his victim the line “Et tu, Brute?”

102D Memorable Texas mission : ALAMO

The San Antonio mission known as the Alamo may have been named for a grove of nearby cottonwood trees. “Álamo” is the Spanish name for the cottonwood.

103D “Botheration” : NERTS!

“Nerts” is a slang term, a corruption of “nuts!”

104D “Haystacks” painter : MONET

French artist Claude Monet was one of the founders of the Impressionist movement, and indeed the term “Impressionism” comes from the title of his 1872 painting “Impression, Sunrise”. That work depicts the port of Le Havre, which was Monet’s hometown. Later in his life, Monet purchased a house in Giverny, and famously installed lily ponds and a Japanese bridge in the property’s extensive gardens. He spent two decades painting the water lily ponds, producing his most famous works. I was fortunate enough to visit Monet’s house and gardens in Giverny a few years ago. A beautiful place …

Claude Monet painted a series of twenty-five impressionist paintings titled “Haystacks”, in 1890 and 1891.

105D English county : SHIRE

The word “shire” comes from the Old English “scir” meaning “administrative district”. The term was replaced with “county” as far back as the 14th century, but the usage persists to this day. That is largely because some counties retain the use of “-shire” as a suffix (Yorkshire, Lancashire, etc.).

113D Arabian port : ADEN

Aden is a seaport in Yemen that is located on the Gulf of Aden by the eastern approach to the Red Sea. Aden has a long history of British rule, from 1838 until a very messy withdrawal in 1967. A native of Aden is known as an Adeni. Some believe that Cain and Abel are buried in the city.

116D Upstate NY school : RPI

The Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) is a private school in Troy, New York. The university is named after its founder Stephen Van Rensselaer who set up the school in 1824. The goal of RPI has always been the “application of science to the common purposes of life”, an objective set by the founder. Given that, the name for the school’s sports teams is quite apt: the Engineers.

117D 50 Cent piece? : RAP

Rap star 50 Cent’s real name is Curtis James Jackson III, and is from South Jamaica in Queens, New York. 50 Cent had a rough life starting out, first dealing drugs at the age of 12. He dropped his illegal activities to pursue a rap career, but still fell victim to an assailant who pumped nine bullets into him. The alleged shooter was himself shot three weeks later, and died. 50 Cent’s alleged attacker was a bodyguard and close friend of Mike Tyson.

118D Letters on Megan Rapinoe’s jersey : USA

Megan Rapinoe is a professional soccer player and a star on the US national team. One of Rapinoe’s many claims to fame is that she is the only player, male or female, to score a goal directly from a corner kick in an Olympic Games.

119D Some Windows systems : NTS

Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7, 8 and 10; they’re all based on the Windows NT operating system. There is a common perception that Windows NT (WNT) takes its name from VMS, an earlier operating system developed by Digital Equipment Corporation. “WNT” is what’s called a “Caesar cypher” of “VMS”, as you just augment the letters of VMS alphabetically by one to arrive at WNT. Bill Gates disputes this derivation of the name, and in a 1998 interview stated that the NT originally stood for N-Ten and that the marketing folks at Microsoft revised history by changing it to “New Technology”.

120D Chest protector : BIB

The word “bib” comes from the Latin “bibere” meaning “to drink”, as does our word “imbibe”. So, maybe a bib is less about spilling the food, and more about soaking up the booze …

121D “Painting To Be Stepped On” artist Yoko : ONO

Yoko Ono produced a piece of performance artwork in 1960 called “Painting to Be Stepped On”. It consisted of a piece of canvas placed on the floor with simple instructions inviting viewers to walk across it. The concept was inspired by a piece of Japanese history involving “stepping paintings”, which were images of Christ that suspected Christians were forced to trample during the 17th century to prove they had renounced their faith.